Watch story of Dr Mary Varghese on Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AXo65MzkWX8
In India, the history of
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation is intertwined with the life of Dr. Mary
Verghese, who was instrumental in the establishment of the first Rehabilitation
Institute in the country and in initiating several innovations that have
promoted the specialty.
Mary Verghese
Born in 1925 on the 26th
of May, in Cherai , a village in Cochin, Kerala, South India, Mary Verghese was
intelligent and hardworking and she excelled
in school. She completed BA at Maharajah’s College in Ernakulam, Kerala
following which she decided to be a doctor. Inspired by the story of Dr Ida
Scudder, she joined the Christian Medical College in Vellore, completing her
course in 1952. She wanted to pursue her studies in Gynecology, but subsequent events
changed the course of her life. On the 30th of January 1954, the
medical students and young doctors including Mary went on a picnic when the
motor car taking them overturned in a major accident. Mary sustained spinal cord injury that
resulted in paraplegia.
Wheelchair surgeon
In the midst of the darkest valley, her faith enabled her to get through the initial days. She practiced sitting up with support and moving from bed to wheel chair. Despite the progress she made, Mary was very anxious about her future as a doctor. Dr. Paul Brand, a pioneering surgeon in the field of hand reconstruction of patients with leprosy, encouraged her to join his department and trained her in operations on the hands of leprosy patients, which she did seated on a chair. She was then the only paraplegic surgeon performing operations anywhere in the world.
With all her limitations, she commanded the respect of her patients, inspiring them in a way no one else could and her physical limitations were a very positive advantage towards this. With Mary, they saw a person who was more paralyzed than they were, and yet she could operate and do her job excellently. She was always available to listen to her patients’ problems and she dealt with them in a very personal way. Though often in deep despair due to her pain and the various complications, her determination sustained her.
Genesis of an idea
In 1957, she underwent rehabilitation at the Rehabilitation Centre of Royal Perth Hospital in Australia, where she learnt to be independent. During this period, she began to think that a similar department should be started at Vellore. The rehabilitation and exercises that she had learnt could be useful to several others back in her country.
With this aim, she went on a fellowship awarded by the World Rehabilitation Fund to be trained under Dr. Howard Rusk, at the Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, New York. Mary used every moment outside her hospital duties for studying in the library. She took lecture notes and theses to bed to gain as much knowledge as possible and thus she mastered all the skills and knowledge needed for a physiatrist. She spent hours studying the various self-help devices, poring over the designs of braces, wheel chairs and artificial limbs because she knew that patients could not afford the price of various appliances in India. In 1962, she was awarded the Diplomat of the American Board of PMR. Before returning to Vellore, she visited several Rehabilitation Centers in UK.
PMR department and Rehabilitation Institute
When she returned to Vellore, the department of PMR was officially opened by Dr. Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, the President of India on January 5th 1963. The Rehabilitation Institute was officially opened on the 26th of November, 1966, fulfilling her dream of a center for rehabilitating those suffering from disabilities, a center for healing for those with disabilities resulting from polio, leprosy, stroke, trauma and other causes, emphasizing on medical rather than on vocational rehabilitation.
Recognizing that the solutions available for such persons in the developed world were often unsuitable for Indian needs, Mary Varghese realized the need to innovate to develop orthotic devices that would be more relevant in our country. Her innovations included among several others, a low wooden trolley from which a seated patient could learn tailoring, working a sewing-machine on a low table and long-handled ‘pickers’ to pick up objects from the floor or from high shelves, close a window or turn off a light. Calipers and wheelchairs were redesigned to make them affordable. Her findings were published in a landmark publication titled ‘Investigation of methods suitable to village conditions for the rehabilitation of paraplegics and quadriplegics’. Yet another innovation was the annual sports for the disabled, where disabled individuals from different cities had competitions for wheel-chair and crutch-races thus instilling confidence among them.
Mary Verghese was a good
administrator. She impressed others by
her punctuality, closely observed every aspect of the department and was strict
while dealing with official matters. Her
determination arose from a sincere and loving mind. Her presence was always comforting
to patients and gave many a new spirit to face life. She always aimed at making
patients as independent as possible, insisting on their vocational training and
encouraging them - just the sight of Mary showed them that life need not end
for a person with disability.
For her pioneering work in
the field of Rehabilitation, the nation conferred on her the Padma Shri in
1972, honoring her efforts to give a better life to the patients with disabilities.
In 1973, the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) honored her with the Dr
P.N. Raju Oration award for her original research on rehabilitation of
paraplegics and quadriplegics. This was the first time such an award was given
in the field of rehabilitation in India.
In 1976, she retired from CMC
Vellore and went back to Kerala. However, she returned after two years to
continue her work and in 1980, set up a Home for patients with disabilities,
particularly for paraplegics. The World Vision awarded her the Edward Pierce
Award for 1985. Her life inspired the American writer Dorothy Clarke Wilson to
write her biography titled “Take my hands”.